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Thyroid. 2002 Oct;12(10):867-78.

The impact of iron and selenium deficiencies on iodine and thyroid metabolism: biochemistry and relevance to public health.

Zimmermann MB, Köhrle J.

Laboratory for Human Nutrition, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland. Michael.zimmermann@ilw.agrt.ethz.ch
Abstract

Several minerals and trace elements are essential for normal thyroid hormone metabolism, e.g., iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc. Coexisting deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function.

Iron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis by reducing activity of heme-dependent thyroid peroxidase. Iron-deficiency anemia blunts and iron supplementation improves the efficacy of iodine supplementation.

Combined selenium and iodine deficiency leads to myxedematous cretinism. The normal thyroid gland retains high selenium concentrations even under conditions of inadequate selenium supply and expresses many of the known selenocysteine-containing proteins. Among these selenoproteins are the glutathione peroxidase, deiodinase, and thioredoxine reductase families of enzymes.

Adequate selenium nutrition supports efficient thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism and protects the thyroid gland from damage by excessive iodide exposure.

In regions of combined severe iodine and selenium deficiency, normalization of iodine supply is mandatory before initiation of selenium supplementation in order to prevent hypothyroidism.

Selenium deficiency and disturbed thyroid hormone economy may develop under conditions of special dietary regimens such as long-term total parenteral nutrition, phenylketonuria diet, cystic fibrosis, or may be the result of imbalanced nutrition in children, elderly people, or sick patients.

PMID:
12487769
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Source:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12487769?dopt=Abstract

http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/105072502761016494?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed

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Tags: Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, Excessive Iodide, Ferretin, Iodide, Iodine, Iron, Malabsorption, Malnutrition, Parenteral, Phenylketonuria, Selenium, Selenocysteine, Zinc

This entry was posted on Friday, July 1st, 2011 at 3:26 pm and is filed under Absorption / Digestion, Archived, Diet, Hormones, Iodine, Iron, Selenium, Studies, Thyroid, Zinc. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.